Showing posts with label Child sexual abuse. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Child sexual abuse. Show all posts

Monday, June 16, 2014

World Cup 2014: On myths and reality of sex trafficking - Opinion - Al Jazeera English

Source: Al Jazeera English:

Sonja Dolinsek

Sonja Dolinsek is a PhD student in Contemporary History at the University of Erfurt and a blogger and human rights activist focusing in particular on the rights of migrants, sex workers and trafficked persons.

Three related topics have been receiving particular attention in the past weeks: human trafficking, child sexual exploitation and sex work. All three are supposed to increase during the upcoming weeks. But does research and the experience of other mega sport events actually substantiate the claims of an increase in trafficking and sex work? And what other issues should we be looking at from a human rights perspective?

Continue:

http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2014/06/world-cup-sex-trafficking-201465123438956286.html

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Tuesday, August 13, 2013

Training of Trainers to enhance police response in addressing child sexual exploitation in the Mekong

Source: UNODC

http://www.unodc.org/southeastasiaandpacific/en/2013/08/childhood-training/story.html

 

Bangkok (Thailand), 6 August 2013
 - Although the sexual exploitation of children by travelling child-sex offenders remains prevalent in the Greater Mekong Sub-region (GMS) countries of Cambodia, Lao PDR, Thailand and Viet Nam, better collaboration between law enforcement officials across and within borders and stronger investigation and enforcement capacity is beginning to have a positive impact, say regional experts. 

"In the analysis of chat logs, INTERPOL experts have said that child sex offenders are starting to say "stay out of Bangkok" and "stay out of Southeast Asia". The work police officers do everyday contributes to this," said Ms. Margaret Akullo, Project Coordinator, Project Childhood (Protection Pillar). "Police Officers have taken a stand, a stand that says we do not tolerate child sexual exploitation in our countries." 

Ms. Akullo was speaking in Bangkok recently at a five-day training of trainers for police officers organized by Project Childhood (Protection Pillar), in partnership with UNODC, INTERPOL and World Vision. 

Project Childhood is a $7.5 million Australian AID (AusAID) funded initiative to combat the sexual exploitation of children in the Greater Mekong sub-region countries of Cambodia, Lao PDR, Thailand, and Viet Nam. Building on Australia's long-term support for programs that better protect children and prevent their abuse, Project Childhood is being implemented in two complementary pillars- the Protection Pillar, a partnership between UNODC and INTERPOL, and the Prevention Pillar, implemented by World Vision

Attended by officers from the four Project Childhood countries who work in crimes against children units, the workshop aimed to improve investigative skills and knowledge on child sexual exploitation cases. The training utilized the newly developed police-training curriculum,Investigating Sexual Exploitation of Children

Despite the successes achieved by the GMS countries, participants noted that stopping the sexual exploitation of children by traveling sex offenders still required greater coordination and cooperation between GMS criminal justice agencies. 

"The results of our collaborative efforts show that we need our friends from Cambodia, Lao PDR and Viet Nam," said Pol. Col Dr. Surasak Laohapiboolkul, Instructor, Police Education Bureau of Thailand. "This forum can be the beginning of a new era for protecting sexually abused children in our region - if we continue to work together." 

Trainers for the five-day session included Dr. Geeta Sekhon (UNODC expert and trainer on gender), Warren Bulmer (Canada), Bob Shilling (INTERPOL) and Jane Walsh (Australian Federal Police), all of whom are specialists in the area of crimes against children. Facilitation of the training event was provided by the INTERPOL Coordinator, Annethe Ahlenius. 

"Cooperation is essential to do this job properly. It does no good if we chase an offender out of one country and into another," said INTERPOL's Mr. Shilling. "The more we cooperate and put these perpetrators behind bars, the better off everyone will be." 

Mr. Jeremy Douglas, UNODC Regional Representative, Southeast Asia and the Pacific, highlighted the importance of a cooperative effort and the dissemination of training back to their countries. 

"This is a significant milestone for Project Childhood (Protection Pillar)," said Mr. Douglas. "The training provides an excellent opportunity for officers to learn and share with other police colleagues, and to take what they learned from this event back with them and hold their own training sessions." 

Curriculum topics included gender issues during police work, first response duties of frontline officers, analysis of evidence and images of child pornography, typologies of sex offenders, and cooperation in the investigation of these cases. Sexual exploitation of boys, a widely unrecognized crime, was also discussed by officers, who agreed that further work was required in this area. 


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Friday, April 19, 2013

Thursday, July 26, 2012

Human trafficking battle moves to the ER | khou.com Houston

Source:  khou.com Houston

CLICK TO SEE VIDEO:
http://www.khou.com/news/texas-news/163836626.html

by Marcus Moore

WFAA
Posted on July 26, 2012 at 7:01 AM


FORT WORTH — A doctor at Cook Children's Medical Center in Fort Worth says human trafficking is a serious problem — and that it is growing.
But medical professionals can be on the front line of defense.
"The key is: If you don’t ask the right questions, you won’t ever know," says Dr. Sophia Grant, a physician who works with child sex abuse victims. Grant says many trafficking victims are children younger than 14.
"It’s a $32 billion a year business in the United States," she added.
Now, in a first-of-its-kind effort, she’s working to educate medical professionals about the signs of human trafficking among patients.
“My goal here at Cook Children's hospital is to try and train medical professionals, people on our front line, what to look for in a victim of trafficking,” Grant said.
Until now, there has never been a unified effort to do that in our hospitals. Grant says the impact can be significant.
Within the past six months, they’ve identified seven children who showed signs of being trafficked.
A few of the clues:
  • drug use
  • repeated medical treatment for unexplained injuries
  • infections and distinct tattoos
"It strips the identity of the child, and it makes that child know, 'You are my property,'" Grant explained.
She is working to educate emergency room nurses and others at the hospital to spot the signs, and hopefully make a difference in growing and very disturbing trend.

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Monday, April 9, 2012

In Cambodia, there’s a price on childhood

http://www.vancouversun.com/news/Part+Cambodia+there+price+childhood/6338309/story.html

Source: The Vancouver Sun


Part one of a six-part series on sex tourism



[Video] http://www.vancouversun.com/news/Part+Cambodia+there+price+childhood/6338309/story.html#ooid=tpM3g4NDqh_T8yR3y7pYD4soQ5Feyiki


PHNOM PENH, Cambodia — More U.S. bombs dropped on Cambodia during the Vietnam War than fell on Europe during the Second World War. Genocide and civil war followed.


The terrible legacy is that Cambodia is one of poorest, most corrupt countries in the world with the second highest number of landmines.

There is no social safety net here. No welfare. No health care. No free schooling. No mandatory minimum wages.

Half of all Cambodians survive on less than $1 a day. The average factory worker earns $61 a month. Police are not only poorly paid, their meagre wages also have to cover the cost of uniforms, guns and ammunition.

Judges are frequently bribed.

But it’s also a country brimming with children. More than half of Cambodia’s 14.7 million citizens are under the age of 18.

If you’re looking to exploit children, this is a good place to come because there are so many desperately poor parents willing to do desperate things.

With all of its problems, Cambodia is a destination of choice for so-called sex tourists and it’s here that Canada’s most notorious travelling sex offenders have come.

British Columbians Donald Bakker and Kenneth Klassen — two of only five Canadians convicted under the Criminal Code’s “sex tourism” provisions — came here. So did Chris Neil of Maple Ridge, who was on Interpol’s most wanted list before being convicted in Bangkok for sexually abusing two under-aged boys.

It’s impossible to know how many Canadian men have visited Cambodia and sexually abused children, just as it is impossible to know how many other travelling sex offenders from other countries have visited and escaped prosecution. The only statistic that even hints at the amount of Canadian sexual predators abroad comes from the federal government, which says that since 1997,136 Canadian men have sought consular help overseas after having been arrested or imprisoned for child sex offences.

What is known is that the number of tourists to Cambodia — both good and bad — grows every year. Inbound tourists increased 12 per cent in 2010 to 2.5 million. That number increased a further 26 per cent in the first half of 2011.

What sets Cambodia apart among so-called sex-tourist destinations is the age of the children exploited here, according to non-governmental organizations who work to rescue victims and counsel the survivors. Children as young as three have been, and continue to be, rescued from brothels; the youngest are almost always procured for foreigners.

Because raping children is so sadly normalized here, some experts say it creates situational or opportunistic pedophiles — men who might not dream of having sex with a child at home, but are willing to give it a try here.

The Cambodian government’s 2006 estimate of 30,000 children being commercially sexually exploited has never been updated. The government has never provided an estimate of how many additional children have been trafficked outside the country and are working in forced or indentured labour.

But last June, the United Nations committee on the rights of the child special report on Cambodia expressed “deep concern” that thousands of children are exploited in prostitution — that’s child rape. It also noted, “an alarming proportion of children are exposed to sexual violence and pornography.”

Among the committee’s other concerns are that: perpetrators of child sexual abuse and exploitation are rarely prosecuted because of the widespread practice of out-of-court settlements and compensation paid to victims’ families; limited action is taken against sex offenders and operators of brothels and other sex establishments where under-aged girls are sexually exploited; and, that rehabilitation services and shelters for victims of sexual exploitation are almost all in the capital and almost all are run by non-governmental organizations.

In the first nine months of 2011, 118 cases involving trafficking and children were heard in Phnom Penh municipal court. More were heard in other tourist-friendly places such as Siem Reap, near the famous Angkor Wat, and the beach resort villages in and around Sihanoukville.

Part of what’s pushing travelling sex offenders into Cambodia is neighbouring Thailand’s increased enforcement of child sexual abuse laws, according to western diplomatic sources and non-governmental groups such as World Vision and ECPAT International (End Child Prostitution, Child Pornography and Trafficking of Children for Sexual Purposes).

And with six million Cambodians under the age of 18 — and 1.6 million under the age of five — there’s a boundless supply of victims.

Online and underground
Things have changed since Donald Bakker arrived here in 2003 from Vancouver and went to find his victims in the notorious pedophile paradise called Svay Pak about 11 kilometres from downtown Phnom Penh.

Little girls and boys are no longer openly marketed on Svay Pak’s main street.

The trade has largely gone underground and online.

It’s likely because of the Internet that Burnaby art dealer Kenneth Klassen could step off a plane even a decade ago and within 48 hours have procured, assaulted and videotaped eight girls, the youngest of whom was eight.

The 59-year-old pleaded guilty in 2010 only after his attempt to have Canada’s sex tourism law — Criminal Code Sections 7 (4.1) to 7 (4.3) — declared unconstitutional. Those laws — passed in 1997 — says that anyone who commits sexual offences against children outside Canada is deemed to have committed that offence in Canada.

In sentencing Klassen to 11 years in jail — less than a year each for abusing six Colombian girls and eight Cambodian girls — B.C. Supreme Court Justice Austin Cullen described what Klassen had done as “a gross violation of the natural imperative to protect children.”

It was the longest sentence given for that offence.

Canada’s first sex tourist — Bakker — received seven years in prison; two years for a horrifically violent assault on a Vancouver woman and five for abusing seven Cambodian girls, the youngest of whom was only seven.

Bakker gets out of jail in June.

Compare that with the sentence given ex-Marine Michael Pepe, who abused seven Cambodian girls and was sentenced about the same time as Klassen in a California court. Pepe, who was 55 at the time, received 110 years. It’s a ridiculous sentence even for a young man, but it makes the point that Americans view sex tourism as an intolerable crime.

And while Canada’s sex tourism law is well-crafted and has been deemed by the courts to be constitutional, Klassen was the last person charged.

Another British Columbian, Orville Mader, was arrested at Vancouver airport in 2007 after a worldwide manhunt. Mader had fled home from Thailand carrying only his laptop to avoid arrest on charges of sexually abusing a seven-year-old boy.

A judge set Mader free on bail, but placed restrictions on him, while police investigated and Crown prosecutors determined whether to lay sex tourism charges. Mader was restricted from using the Internet, being in contact with children or going anywhere they might congregate. His passport was taken away and he was to report regularly to Surrey police.

While he lived under those restrictions, Mader was convicted in absentia in Thailand. But in November 2010, police and B.C. prosecutors allowed Mader’s conditions to lapse. The Crown had decided that the evidence didn’t meet Canadian standards. Mader was free. Whether he got his passport back, Canadian officials won’t say, citing privacy laws.

Then there’s the case of Ernest Fenwick MacIntosh. Last year, the 67-year-old from Cape Breton had his conviction on 17 charges of gross indecency and indecent assault of six Canadian boys overturned because it had taken so long to get to court. Their allegations dated back to the 1970s and by the time the victims came forward in 1995, MacIntosh was in India.

Twice, the Canadian passport office failed to revoke his passport. Finally, in 2006, Canada requested MacIntosh’s extradition from India. That was the same year the Toronto Star reported that two Indian men had alleged MacIntosh assaulted them while they were boys living in an orphanage.

“I think there’s a need for a more aggressive stand with respect to the acquisition and analysis of intelligence and a better co-ordinated approach to [sex tourism],” Insp. Sergio Pasin of the Canadian Police Centre for Missing and Exploited Children said in a phone interview.

Pasin is in the process of formulating a national strategy that is likely to focus mainly on men who access child pornography online.

“In my view, these are the individuals you really need to look at because they’re grooming and luring and then they transition from the online offender or have the potential for transitioning from the online offender to the hands-on offender. So then the next phase you have to look at is whether they have the potential to travel and have they travelled in the past? Where have they gone? And so on.”

International action
Pushed by faith-based and non-governmental organizations as well as celebrities such as Angelina Jolie and the formidable Somaly Mam, who was a child sex slave in Cambodia, other Western governments such as the United States, Australia and Britain have made greater efforts to prosecute sex tourists and protect children abroad.

The United States passed its sex tourism law in 1994, which was amended and renamed the Protect Act in 2002 when it also began Operation Predator that links not only American police agencies to U.S. border security, it allows them to partner with foreign governments in both overt and covert child pornography and sex tourism investigations.

Among the recent investigations, one involved setting up a website for sex tourists that had Canada as its destination. The two-year project, which ended in March 2011, resulted in the conviction of two Germans and two Americans.

Operation Twisted Traveller, which was conducted in Cambodia over two years in collaboration with a French-based, non-profit organization — Action Pour Les Enfants — resulted in the arrests of three Americans who had previous convictions in the United States for sexually abusing children. The three were arrested in 2009. One pleaded guilty; the other two are in jail awaiting trial in Los Angeles.

Earlier this month, Britain closed what was described by the international child protection group ECPAT as “the three-day loophole,” which allowed registered sex offenders to leave the country for up to three days without notifying police. Now, they must notify authorities of all foreign travel plans.

Earlier this year, the Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID) began Project Childhood, a $7.5-million, three-year program involving the UN Office of Drugs and Crime, Interpol and World Vision. Working with police and courts to increase enforcement and with community leaders to educate children and their families, the project aims to reduce sexual exploitation of children in tourism in the Mekong Delta region including Cambodia, Vietnam, Thailand and Laos.

Pushed by western countries and NGOs — and because of a growing fear that ‘good’ tourists are now avoiding it — Thailand has increased enforcement of its child exploitation laws. But that increased enforcement has resulted in sexual predators seeking out countries such as Cambodia where the commitment to prosecuting and jailing child sex offenders is far from certain.

Last year, three foreign pedophiles were granted royal pardons at the government’s request. Among those pardoned was Alexander Trofimov.

Also known as Stanislav Molodyakov, Trofimov is wanted by Interpol for having allegedly raped six girls under the age of 10 before he fled Russia for Sihanoukville, Cambodia’s coastal resort town.

There, the 44-year-old executive director of Koh Puos Investment Group negotiated a deal to build a $300-million resort. But while he was doing that, Trofimov also sexually abused 15 under-aged girls, including a mute 13-year-old.

Trofimov’s sentence was initially 15 years, but that was reduced to eight years in 2010. Then, in May 2011, Trofimov was pardoned after having served half of the reduced sentence.

Freed in Cambodia, he remains on Interpol’s most-wanted list. The Cambodian government has not responded to a request from 14 international children’s’ rights organizations to deport him to Russia.

Lifelong sentence for victims
Pedophiles most often escape arrest. Others may do their time, get pardons and disappear to other countries where they’ll likely re-offend.

But the victims are never free.

“They’ll always have scars,” says Sue Taylor, who has counselled dozens of survivors since coming to Cambodia in 2005. Among the survivors are Donald Bakker’s victims.

The girls refused a request to be interviewed.

“They want to put it behind them. They don’t want to be reminded of the past and they don’t want to be labelled as one of Bakker’s girls,” says Taylor, who works for Hagar International, an Australia-based NGO.

Even though the abuse occurred more than a decade ago, all but one of the girls is still a minor. That’s how young they were when Bakker raped them in tiny rooms in a filthy brothel in Svay Pak, a dusty village outside Phnom Penh that’s a notorious pedophile paradise.

As part of their recovery, the girls have all completed school. One or more of them may qualify for university scholarships; others have completed training programs in administration, child care and hairdressing.

By the end of 2011, all had moved back to Svay Pak to live with their families or foster families even though, as Taylor says, their families were complicit in selling them into Svay Pak brothels.

“Our choice would not be to have them there. But we have to believe that with what they’ve learned about empowerment and resilience, they will be able to make the right decisions.”

Taylor hopes these young women have learned enough to have fulfilling lives, jobs and relationships. She hopes that if they choose to have families, they will be good mothers and wives.

But, she says, “I worry that they’re naive and that they’re really not out of danger. If they hit hard times, I don’t know if they’d go back [to a brothel]. I used to be so idealistic. Now, I realize that you have to let them go, just as you have to let your own children go and you hope that they remember some of the things you taught them.”

What makes it all the more troubling, says Taylor, is that images of one of the girls recently showed up on a pornographic website. She’s also seen images of other sexually exploited children on kiddie porn videos sold for a couple of bucks along the roadside in Phnom Penh.

“It’s just sick that this can go on and on,” she says.

“How can the survivors really ever escape?”


LINKS:
International Development Agency (CIDA) Cambodia country report: http://www.acdi-cida.gc.ca/cambodia
Australian Agency for International Aid (AusAID), Cambodia country report: http://www.ausaid.gov.au/country/country.cfm?CountryId=34
U.S. State Department country notes: http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2732.htm
U.S. State Department (2011 Trafficking in Persons Report): www.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/2011/
United Nations Office of the Human Rights Commissioner (Cambodia reports): http://www.ohchr.org/EN/countries/AsiaRegion/Pages/KHIndex.aspx
ECPAT (End Child Prostitution, Child Pornography & Trafficking of children for Sexual Purposes): www.ecpat.net
World Vision International: www.worldvision.org
Somaly Mam Foundation: www.somaly.org/about-smf/somaly-mam
Acting for Women in Distressing Situations: www.afesip.org/
Action Pour Les Enfants (APLE): www.aplecambodia.org
Hagar Cambodia: www.hagarcambodia.org/







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Wednesday, February 8, 2012

Project Childhood introduced to Lao PDR

http://www.unodc.org/eastasiaandpacific/en/2012/01/childhood-lao-pdr/story.html


A criminal justice response to child sex tourism

 

Vientiane (the Lao People's Democratic Republic), 11 January 2012
 - As children continue to be trafficked, enslaved, and sexually exploited in the Greater Mekong Sub-region, law enforcement responses against travelling child sex offenders must become an ever more important element in halting and reversing this trend. 

Such responses include intelligence-led investigations, victim identification, detection, and prosecution of the perpetrators of these crimes as well as the protection, rescue and rehabilitation of young victims. 

Project Childhood is a $7.5 million Australian AID (AusAID)-funded initiative to combat the sexual exploitation of children - mainly in the travel and tourism sectors - in the Greater Mekong sub-region. The project focuses on Cambodia, Lao PDR, Thailand and Viet Nam and builds on Australia's long-term support for programs that better protect children and prevent their abuse. It is being implemented on the ground by UNODCINTERPOL, and World Vision in two complementary pillars - the Protection Pillar (UNODC/Interpol) and the Prevention Pillar (World Vision). 

Project Childhood was recently introduced in Lao PDR through a workshop in the capital Vientiane. The 80 participants to the "Workshop on Anti Human Trafficking: Universal Periodic Review Recommendations and Combating Child Sex Tourism" included representatives from Lao PDR government ministries, the international community, international and national governmental organisations and the media. 

The Protection Pillar, being implemented by UNODC, in partnership with INTERPOL, will strengthen the capacity of local law enforcement to identify, arrest and prosecute travelling child sex offenders in the four countries named through a package of capacity building activities to Governments and their law enforcement agencies. UNODC is currently designing and implementing activities for technical assistance to fill gaps in legislation, training, and cooperation mechanisms These include ensuring that domestic legislation meets international standards, and that police officers are trained and equipped to investigate the abuse of children by child sex offenders. INTERPOL, for its part, will focus on pooling resources for operations that will combine international and regional investigative resources to target travelling child sex offenders. 

At the launch event, Ms. Margaret Akullo, the Project Coordinator for Project Childhood (Protection Pillar), emphasized that the Protection Pillar will significantly expand the intelligence base on the closed community of travelling sex offenders to more effectively prosecute suspects who seek to sexually abuse children. UNODC will provide assistance to the four countries in SE Asia to facilitate ratification and implementation of the relevant international legal instruments. INTERPOL will give operational criminal police support and advanced technological tools to strengthen international criminal police cooperation. 

"UNODC's partnership with INTERPOL is fundamental to Project Childhood's technical assistance activities for police, prosecutors and judges," Ms. Akullo said. "We will use our combined mandates and strengths to actively combat child sex tourism by training law enforcement officials on international best practice and with targeted operations of criminals". 

The Prevention Pillar will be implemented by World Vision and will strengthen the protective environment for children in travel and tourism - including building community awareness and resilience to sexual exploitation of children. It will focus on awareness raising campaigns for the travelling public on child safe tourism, support child helplines, and conduct community-based awareness-raising and training for children and families in vulnerable communities prone to child sexual exploitation. It will also work with the private sector and governments to develop effective national preventative measures against sexual exploitation of children in the travel and tourism sectors. 

Project Childhood countries were selected on the basis of a number of factors such as: the volume of reported arrests of alleged travelling child sex offenders; a perceived lack of institutional and legislative capacity to counter the crime, and the degree of participating Government willingness to engage with the international community to take effective action. Protection Pillar activities have already begun in Cambodia and Thailand and will extend to cover Lao PDR and Viet Nam in early 2012. 

The workshop was also supported by theUNDP International Law Project in collaboration with Project Childhood (Protection Pillar). UNODC and INTERPOL Project Coordinators and a World Vision representative presented an overview of their partnership and how each Pillar will deliver Project Childhood activities over the next three years to address the abuse of children by travelling child sex offenders. 

A key workshop objective was to present findings from a UNODC legal review that examined current domestic legislative frameworks in Lao PDR as they apply to travelling child sex offenders. The report, an important Protection Pillar activity, determined whether Lao PDR law and legislative frameworks met international standards and obligations and addressed key issues such as child prostitution, sexual abuse of children, child pornography, child trafficking, child protection measures and International cooperation. 

Ms. Viengvong Kittavong, Acting Director of the Treaties and Law Department of the Lao PDR Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Chair of the event, welcomed the findings of UNODC's legal review. Ms. Kittavong recommended that a national focal point in Lao PDR be identified to work through the legal recommendations with the Protection Pillar team.

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Friday, January 21, 2011

CBC News - British Columbia - Human trafficking plan needed: police chiefs

More funding and updated laws needed

Last Updated: Thursday, January 20, 2011 | 12:19 PM PT

Abbotsford Police Chief Constable Bob Rich and other police chiefs want a national strategy on human trafficking.Abbotsford Police Chief Constable Bob Rich and other police chiefs want a national strategy on human trafficking. (Abbotsford Police website)

B.C. police chiefs are pushing for a national strategy on human trafficking.

They want better programs created to help rescued victims and to prosecute traffickers.

The BC Association of Chiefs of Police is calling on the federal government to update laws and provide more funding for programs for victims.

Association spokesperson, Abbotsford Police Chief Constable Bob Rich, said the federal government is doing a good thing in allowing trafficking victims to remain in Canada to testify against traffickers, but more needs to be done.

"I am encouraging a more holistic approach where we actually really look after these people's needs because then the chances somebody will come forward as a whistleblower are greatly increased if they really know they're going to be treated fairly and well," Rich said.

Rich also said laws preventing convicted child sex offenders from freely traveling abroad should be vigorously enforced.

Human trafficking involves the illegal movement of people across international borders for the purpose of exploitation, usually in the form of forced labour, prostitution and other forms of servitude, and usually involves threats or the use of force.

According to the federal government, most human trafficking victims are women and children from Asia, who are often forced into the sex trade.

In 2007, B.C. established the Office to Combat Trafficking in Persons with the goal of developing and coordinating the province's strategy to address human trafficking.


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Friday, January 7, 2011

Grooming and our ignoble tradition of racialising crime | Libby Brooks | Comment is free | The Guardian

Dubious claims about Muslim men grooming white girls hide legitimate worries about a system that fails victims of abuse

  • b
  • Suspects
    'What has not emerged is consistent evidence that Pakistani Muslim men are disproportionately involved in these crimes.' Illustration: Jim Sillavan for the Guardian

    The British National party's website, its logo still sporting a seasonal sprig of holly, is understandably triumphalist as it proclaims that the "controlled media" has admitted this week that "Nick Griffin has been right all along about Muslim paedophile gangs".

    The particular branch of the controlled media the BNP refers to is the Times, which has been running the results of a lengthy investigation into the sexual exploitation and internal trafficking of girls in the north of England. Specifically, the Times has marshalled evidence suggesting that these organised crimes are carried out almost exclusively by gangs of Pakistani Muslim origin who target white youngsters; and it quotes both police and agency sources who refer to a "conspiracy of silence" around the open investigation of such cases, amid fears of being branded racist or inflaming ethnic tensions in already precarious local environments.

    This is not the first time that anxieties about the ethnic dimension of child sexual exploitation have been aired by the media. In 2004 the Channel 4 documentary Edge of the City, which explored claims that Asian men in Bradford were grooming white girls as young as 11, sexually abusing them and passing them on to their friends, was initially withdrawn from the schedules after the BNP described it as "a party political broadcast", and the chief constable of West Yorkshire police warned that it could spark disorder.

    Anecdotally, as far back as the mid-90s, local agencies have been aware of the participation of ethnic minority men in some cases of serial abuse. But what has not emerged is any consistent evidence to suggest that Pakistani Muslim men are uniquely and disproportionately involved in these crimes, nor that they are preying on white girls because they believe them to be legitimate sexual quarry, as is now being suggested.

    The Times investigation is based around 56 men convicted in the Midlands and north of England since 1997, 50 from Muslim backgrounds. Granted, such prosecutions are notoriously difficult to sustain, but, nonetheless, this is a small sample used to evidence the "tidal wave" of offending referred to by unnamed police sources. Martin Narey, the chief executive of Barnardo's, which has run projects in the areas concerned for many years, tells me that, while he is pleased to see open discussion of child sexual exploitation, he worries that "decent Pakistani men will now be looked at as potential child abusers". He insists: "This is not just about Pakistani men, and not just about Asian men. And it is happening all over the country."

    While Narey acknowledges that "in the Midlands and north of England there does seem to be an over-representation of minority ethnic men in [offending] groups", he argues strongly that no useful conclusions can be drawn until the government undertakes a serious piece of research into what is a nationwide problem. (Keith Vaz, who chairs the Commons home affairs select committee called for such an inquiry today.) Narey also refutes the allegation that Muslim men are grooming white girls because of cultural assumptions about their sexual availability, as girls from minority backgrounds have been similarly abused.

    Thus no official data exists on the ethnic or religious background of perpetrators of this form of child abuse, and local charities have stated publicly that they do not consider it a race issue. But it is worth noting that, when asked by the Times to collate its recent work according to ethnicity, Engage – based in Blackburn and one of the largest multi-agency organisations working on this issue – found that in the past year that 80% of offenders were white.

    There is an ignoble tradition of racialising criminality in this country, in particular sexual offences, from the moral panic about West Indian pimps in the 1960s to the statistically dubious coverage of African-Caribbean gang rape in the 90s. But even those who do want further investigation into the apparent preponderance of Asian perpetrators tell me that this is not about cultural expectations regarding the sexual susceptibility of white females but rather about opportunity and vulnerability, especially of young people within the care system. It is certainly admissible to query just how beholden to "the tyranny of custom", as Wednesday's Times leader put it, are these twentysomething males who drive flash cars and ply their victims with alcohol.

    Nevertheless, Muslim voices are now being lined up to attest that serial child molestation is not actually sanctioned by the Qur'an. By building an apparent consensus of voices "bravely" speaking out in the face of accusations of racism, it becomes that much harder for a figure from within the Muslim community to offer a more nuanced perspective or indeed state that these allegations are simply not true. The inevitable and distorting consequence of framing the debate around a "conspiracy of silence" is that it effectively shuts down or taints as mealy-mouthed any criticism.

    The efforts of the Times to stand up this investigation are certainly considerable: selectively quoting or misquoting some groups, and inventing a category of "on-street grooming" that does not exist in law and was not recognised by any of the agencies I spoke to. It is also worth asking how responsible it is to provide ammunition to the violent racist extremists already active in these areas on such flawed evidence.

    Meanwhile, the sunlight of investigative inquiry has yet to shine on our legal system which, all agencies agree, fails to cater to the needs of children who – groomed into acquiescence by practised abusers of all creeds and colours – don't present as the perfect victims our limited version of justice demands.

Source: guardian.co.uk
Grooming and our ignoble tradition of racialising crime | Libby Brooks | Comment is free | The Guardian
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